In virtually no other German city could museums be housed in more suitable settings. Even Marienberg Fortress accommodates two important museums.

 
The Mainfränkisches Museum Würzburg (Main-Franconian Museum Würzburg) in the Marienberg Fortress displays a vast variety of important works of art from Fraconian artists and others who created their works within the region.  The exhibition area fills a space of 5,400 square meters.  The museum includes the largest collection of masterpieces of the world-famous sculptor Tilman Riemenschneider and original figures by Ferdinand Tietz from the Castle Park at Veitshöchheim.

The prehistoric exhibits provide insights into the time when a Celtic stronghold was built at this spot during the first century BC. Artifacts of Franconian viticulture and a costume collection in the folklore section also reward the visitor.

The Fürstenbau Museum brings alive the lifestyle of the prince-bishops. The municipal history section takes us on a tour through 1200 years of the city's development. Pride of the museum is the Ecclesiastical Treasure Chamber with precious goldsmith work and liturgical vestments.

 
Principal attractions of the Martin von Wagner Museum include the painting gallery, the graphics collection and relics of classical antiquity with archaeological finds from Greece, Egypt and the Roman empire.

The Museum at the Cathedral presents about 700 works of art spanning a millennium in an area of 1,800 square meters. An innovative concept juxtaposes „old“ and „new“ art. In this way, for example, the works of Tilman Riemenschneider and Johann Peter Wagner are presented in the same setting with works by Ernst Barlach, Käthe Kollwitz and Jospeh Beuys, as well as Wolfgang Mattheuer and Werner Tübke. 

These adjacent and contrasting placements make possible a more interactive and contemplative view of the works and a dialogue between work of art and observer. Visitors to the museum can reflect on their existential questions in the context of the art.

The historic setting of a 1904 grain storage warehouse on the Old Harbor and the functional archtecture of the present form the exciting framework of the Museum im Kulturspeicher (Museum in the Culture Warehouse) opened in 2002. In this living center for the art of the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries, visitors can explore an exhibition space of more than 3,500 square meters and experience works from Romantic and Biedermeier styles, Impressionism and Expressionism as well as works from the present time.  The presentation includes both changing exhibits and the more than 250-piece collection of „Peter C. Ruppert. Concrete Art from Europe after 1945“ with artists like Max Bill, Günter Fruhtrunk, Victor Vasarely and kinetic art, light objects, Zufallsbilder and computer-generated art.

Contemporary art is found in the Städtische Galerie, as well as at the VKU-Galerie Spitäle. The Marmelsteiner Kabinett is devoted specially to the religious art of Franconia. Natural sciences are featured at the Röntgen Memorial Institute where Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovered X-rays in 1895.

 
Opera, operetta, ballet and drama from the classics to the contemporary are offered at the Stadttheater and Kammerspiele, while symphonic concerts are presented by the Würzburg Philharmonic Orchestra. At the Torturmtheater in neighboring Sommerhausen high calibre performances of modern drama are presented under director Veit Relin.